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Philosophy --- Science --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Science - Philosophy
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Philosophy of science --- Science --- Social sciences --- Philosophy. --- Social philosophy --- Social theory --- Normal science --- Philosophy
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Naguère souveraine, la science est aujourd'hui en question : cible de critiques d'ordre philosophique ou politique, tenue pour responsable de maintes dérives du monde actuel, quand elle n'est pas victime de l'ignorance et du désintérêt. L'illusion même d'une science unitaire, omnisciente et transcendante, de la mathesis universalis chère à Leibniz, s'est dissipée, y compris à l'intérieur d'un champ de connaissances dont aucun spécialiste ne maîtrise la totalité. Signe des temps : le beau nom de " savant " - de qui goûte la saveur du savoir - a cédé la place au sec " scientifique ", élément anonyme d'un complexe réseau. Et pourtant, la science - l'univers de techniques innovantes, d'évaluations quantitatives, d'expertises aiguës qu'elle ne cesse de créer - reste, autant que l'antique fondement religieux, le socle idéal de nos sociétés, celui qui façonne nos modes de vie et nos schémas mentaux. Au point qu'une nouvelle métaphysique de la technoscience triomphante promet, tel le Pantagruélion rabelaisien, de tout expliquer et de tout résoudre ! Qu'est-ce que la science ? Que peut-elle ? Que vaut-elle ? Les questions de Kant restent celles que le public, spontanément, pose à une recherche aussi profondément engagée dans le devenir de nos sociétés. Comment en comprendre les origines et le développement, l'essence paradoxale, l'extrême complexité qui vire, désormais, à l'incommunicabilité et donne prise à la confusion ? Comment en apprécier les résultats tout en en mesurant les limites et les risques ? Comment éviter le relativisme désabusé ou le rejet pur et simple ? Comment sortir du flou, des approximations et des idées toutes faites ? Les réponses à ce faisceau de questions ne peuvent être que plurielles. Et ludiques : la réflexion est un jeu de miroirs où les divers points de vue se concentrent et s'éclairent, de prismes où ils se diffractent. Aussi deux chercheurs - un biologiste et un physicien - et deux philosophes se livrent-ils au libre jeu des échanges entre les perspectives qu'ils dessinent, et des rebonds sur les questions que leur posent les représentants, non spécialistes, de la société civile. Il en ressort toute une série d'aperçus concrets, aussi excitants pour l'esprit qu'essentiels à la compréhension de ce qui se joue : sur le boson de Higgs, les théories physiques et la prévision, par le calcul, de réalités à vérifier par l'expérimentation ; sur le traitement individuel de l'atome et l'engouement pour lus nanotechnologies ; sur le créationnisme niant l'évolution ; sur le transhumanisme promettant de remodeler l'homme... Illustrer ainsi la grandeur de l'esprit scientifique et la conscience honnête de ses limites comme de son essentiel inachèvement en est la meilleure défense : c'est, du même coup, l'appel à une authentique culture, ouverte à la complexité, soucieuse des implications, désireuse de " l'expansion des choses infinies ".
Science --- Philosophy --- Philosophy of science --- Philosophy. --- Philosophy of science. --- Normal science --- Science - Philosophy --- Philosophie des sciences.
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Objectivity. --- Science --- Philosophy. --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Reality --- Personal equation --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science
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What exactly is so appealing in formal science, such that its influence can be seen in numerous disciplines nowadays, for practical purposes like better functionality, performance, and so on-as Pythagoras already famously said in antiquity: ""Number is the
Science --- Knowledge, Theory of. --- Epistemology --- Theory of knowledge --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Philosophy.
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"'This volume offers a very balanced, thorough, accessible treatment of an unsettling topic---the current large-scale economic shaping of academic scientific research. Of first-rate importance to scientists and philosophers of science as well as those in the wider science studies and science policy communities, it will prove eye-opening as well to graduate and even undergraduate students in a variety of courses.'---Janet A. Kourany, University of Notre Dame" "'The threat to academic culture by commodification is a hot and controversial topic, and publications addressing it abound. This carefully crafted collection reaches beyond many of them by bringing together a broad variety of perspectives---sociological, ethical, historical, and philosophical---probing the issue with scholarly detachment, scientific rigor, and passion for the culture of public science.'---Peter Weingart, Universitat Bielefeld" "'With this pioneering volume, Hans Radder has turned the commodification of research into an issue for the philosophy of science field. The contributors present a broad range of views, united by the fact that they take commodification as both a practical problem and a theoretical one. This provocative book will lead us to reevaluate our thinking about the norms of science and how they should relate to new economies of knowledge.'---Sergio Sismondo, Queen's University" "Selling Science has become a common practice in contemporary universities. This commodification of academia pervades many aspects of higher education, including research, teaching, and administration. As such, it raises significant philosophical, political, and moral challenges. This volume offers the first book-length analysis of this disturbing trend from a philosophical perspective and presents views by scholars of philosophy of science, social and political philosophy, and research ethics."
Science --- Research --- Science and ethics --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Philosophy. --- Economic aspects.
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Noch Platon kannte den Dialog als hermeneutischer Form der Wissenschaft - einer selbstskeptischen, dialektischen Herangehensweise, denn alles auf dieser Welt ist relativ, auch und vor allem die empirisch-analytischen Wissenschaften, alles ist vergänglich und fragmentarisch - bis auf den einen Gott, der sich in dieser Welt offenbart hat. Konservativ heißt auch, dass man das Irdische nicht zu ernst nimmt, nicht fanatisch wird, gelassen bleibt, gewähren lässt und so bewahrt, was bewährt und so wahrt, bis auf das große EINE.In diese Richtung des Vorsichtig-Tastenden geht auch die Form des Essays,
Science --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Epistemology --- Theory of knowledge --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Philosophy. --- History and criticism.
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Science --- Philosophy and science --- Philosophy --- Philosophy. --- Philosophy and science. --- Science and philosophy --- Mental philosophy --- philosophy --- philosophy of science --- science --- Humanities --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science
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Bringing together the latest scientific advances and some of the most enduring subtle philosophical puzzles and problems, this book collects original historical and contemporary sources to explore the wide range of issues surrounding the nature of life. Selections ranging from Aristotle and Descartes to Sagan and Dawkins are organised around four broad themes covering classical discussions of life, the origins and extent of natural life, contemporary artificial life creations and the definition and meaning of 'life' in its most general form. Each section is preceded by an extensive introduction connecting the various ideas discussed in individual chapters and providing helpful background material for understanding them. With its interdisciplinary perspective, this fascinating collection is essential reading for scientists and philosophers interested in astrobiology, synthetic biology and the philosophy of life.
Science --- Philosophy of nature --- Philosophy --- Philosophy of nature. --- Philosophy. --- Nature --- Nature, Philosophy of --- Natural theology --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Life Sciences --- General and Others --- Science - Philosophy
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"Robert K. Merton (1910-2003) was one of the most influential sociologists of the twentieth century, producing clear theories and innovative research that continue to shape multiple disciplines. Merton's reach can be felt in the study of social structure, social psychology, deviance, professions, organizations, culture, and science. Yet for all his fame, Merton is only partially understood. He is treated by scholars as a functional analyst, when in truth his contributions transcend paradigm. Gathering together twelve major sociologists, Craig Calhoun launches a thorough reconsideration of Merton's achievements and inspires a renewed engagement with sociological theory. Merton's work addressed the challenges of integrating research and theory. It connected different fields of empirical research and spoke to the importance of overcoming divisions between allegedly pure and applied sociology. Merton realized the value of sociological methods that respect the institutional analysis of science and knowledge. By bringing together different aspects of his work in one volume, Calhoun illuminates the interdisciplinary& -and unifying& -dimensions of Merton's approach, while also advancing the intellectual agenda of an increasingly vital area of study."--BOOK JACKET.
Sociologists --- Sociology --- Science --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Science and society --- Sociology of science --- Social aspects. --- Philosophy. --- Merton, Robert King, --- Merton, Robert K. --- Schkolnick, Meyer R.,
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